New dice-rolling app: InfiniDice! (#1326)

Add new App `Dice.h` to randomly roll the dice(s).
The number of dice can range from 1-9 (default 1), and the sides can
range from d2-d99 (default d2).

To have a haptic feedback we make Dice vibrate on roll.

Regarding the use of C++ `<random>` library:
There are known problems with `rand()` and `srand()` (see https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/rand)
and the `<random>` library is preferred for this reason. The function used from
`<random>` also avoids a very rare bias that would occur using `rand()` and modulo,
when `RAND_MAX` is not a multiple of `d` and the initially generated number falls in
the last "short" segment. This commit also updates the seed to derive entropy
(via `seed_seq`) from a mix of the system tick count and the x,y,z components of the
PineTime motion controller -- taking inspiration from and with credit to @w4tsn
(https://github.com/InfiniTimeOrg/InfiniTime/pull/1199)

Thanks for suggestions:
* in Dice, when rolling 1d2, also show "HEADS" or "TAILS" -- suggestion by @medeyko
* ui adjustments and result realignment -- suggestion by @Boteium

---------

Co-authored-by: NeroBurner <pyro4hell@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Riku Isokoski <riksu9000@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Paul Weiß <45500341+Poohl@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: FintasticMan <finlay.neon.kid@gmail.com>

3 files changed, 261 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/displayapp/screens/Dice.cpp b/src/displayapp/screens/Dice.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..302c5f3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/displayapp/screens/Dice.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+#include "displayapp/screens/Dice.h"
+#include "displayapp/screens/Screen.h"
+#include "displayapp/screens/Symbols.h"
+#include "components/settings/Settings.h"
+#include "components/motor/MotorController.h"
+#include "components/motion/MotionController.h"
+
+using namespace Pinetime::Applications::Screens;
+
+namespace {
+  lv_obj_t* MakeLabel(lv_font_t* font,
+                      lv_color_t color,
+                      lv_label_long_mode_t longMode,
+                      uint8_t width,
+                      lv_label_align_t labelAlignment,
+                      const char* text,
+                      lv_obj_t* reference,
+                      lv_align_t alignment,
+                      int8_t x,
+                      int8_t y) {
+    lv_obj_t* label = lv_label_create(lv_scr_act(), nullptr);
+    lv_obj_set_style_local_text_font(label, LV_LABEL_PART_MAIN, LV_STATE_DEFAULT, font);
+    lv_obj_set_style_local_text_color(label, LV_LABEL_PART_MAIN, LV_STATE_DEFAULT, color);
+    lv_label_set_long_mode(label, longMode);
+    if (width != 0) {
+      lv_obj_set_width(label, width);
+    }
+    lv_label_set_align(label, labelAlignment);
+    lv_label_set_text(label, text);
+    lv_obj_align(label, reference, alignment, x, y);
+    return label;
+  }
+
+  void btnRollEventHandler(lv_obj_t* obj, lv_event_t event) {
+    auto* screen = static_cast<Dice*>(obj->user_data);
+    if (event == LV_EVENT_CLICKED) {
+      screen->Roll();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+Dice::Dice(Controllers::MotionController& motionController,
+           Controllers::MotorController& motorController,
+           Controllers::Settings& settingsController)
+  : motorController {motorController}, motionController {motionController}, settingsController {settingsController} {
+  std::seed_seq sseq {static_cast<uint32_t>(xTaskGetTickCount()),
+                      static_cast<uint32_t>(motionController.X()),
+                      static_cast<uint32_t>(motionController.Y()),
+                      static_cast<uint32_t>(motionController.Z())};
+  gen.seed(sseq);
+
+  lv_obj_t* nCounterLabel = MakeLabel(&jetbrains_mono_bold_20,
+                                      LV_COLOR_WHITE,
+                                      LV_LABEL_LONG_EXPAND,
+                                      0,
+                                      LV_LABEL_ALIGN_CENTER,
+                                      "count",
+                                      lv_scr_act(),
+                                      LV_ALIGN_IN_TOP_LEFT,
+                                      0,
+                                      0);
+
+  lv_obj_t* dCounterLabel = MakeLabel(&jetbrains_mono_bold_20,
+                                      LV_COLOR_WHITE,
+                                      LV_LABEL_LONG_EXPAND,
+                                      0,
+                                      LV_LABEL_ALIGN_CENTER,
+                                      "sides",
+                                      nCounterLabel,
+                                      LV_ALIGN_OUT_RIGHT_MID,
+                                      20,
+                                      0);
+
+  nCounter.Create();
+  lv_obj_align(nCounter.GetObject(), nCounterLabel, LV_ALIGN_OUT_BOTTOM_MID, 0, 10);
+  nCounter.SetValue(1);
+
+  dCounter.Create();
+  lv_obj_align(dCounter.GetObject(), dCounterLabel, LV_ALIGN_OUT_BOTTOM_MID, 0, 10);
+  dCounter.SetValue(6);
+
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<> distrib(0, resultColors.size() - 1);
+  currentColorIndex = distrib(gen);
+
+  resultTotalLabel = MakeLabel(&jetbrains_mono_42,
+                               resultColors[currentColorIndex],
+                               LV_LABEL_LONG_BREAK,
+                               120,
+                               LV_LABEL_ALIGN_CENTER,
+                               "",
+                               lv_scr_act(),
+                               LV_ALIGN_IN_TOP_RIGHT,
+                               11,
+                               38);
+  resultIndividualLabel = MakeLabel(&jetbrains_mono_bold_20,
+                                    resultColors[currentColorIndex],
+                                    LV_LABEL_LONG_BREAK,
+                                    90,
+                                    LV_LABEL_ALIGN_CENTER,
+                                    "",
+                                    resultTotalLabel,
+                                    LV_ALIGN_OUT_BOTTOM_MID,
+                                    0,
+                                    10);
+
+  Roll();
+  openingRoll = false;
+
+  btnRoll = lv_btn_create(lv_scr_act(), nullptr);
+  btnRoll->user_data = this;
+  lv_obj_set_event_cb(btnRoll, btnRollEventHandler);
+  lv_obj_set_size(btnRoll, 240, 50);
+  lv_obj_align(btnRoll, lv_scr_act(), LV_ALIGN_IN_BOTTOM_MID, 0, 0);
+
+  btnRollLabel = MakeLabel(&jetbrains_mono_bold_20,
+                           LV_COLOR_WHITE,
+                           LV_LABEL_LONG_EXPAND,
+                           0,
+                           LV_LABEL_ALIGN_CENTER,
+                           Symbols::dice,
+                           btnRoll,
+                           LV_ALIGN_CENTER,
+                           0,
+                           0);
+
+  // Spagetti code in motion controller: it only updates the shake speed when shake to wake is on...
+  enableShakeForDice = !settingsController.isWakeUpModeOn(Pinetime::Controllers::Settings::WakeUpMode::Shake);
+  if (enableShakeForDice) {
+    settingsController.setWakeUpMode(Pinetime::Controllers::Settings::WakeUpMode::Shake, true);
+  }
+  refreshTask = lv_task_create(RefreshTaskCallback, LV_DISP_DEF_REFR_PERIOD, LV_TASK_PRIO_MID, this);
+}
+
+Dice::~Dice() {
+  // reset the shake to wake mode.
+  if (enableShakeForDice) {
+    settingsController.setWakeUpMode(Pinetime::Controllers::Settings::WakeUpMode::Shake, false);
+    enableShakeForDice = false;
+  }
+  lv_task_del(refreshTask);
+  lv_obj_clean(lv_scr_act());
+}
+
+void Dice::Refresh() {
+  // we only reset the hysteresis when at rest
+  if (motionController.CurrentShakeSpeed() >= settingsController.GetShakeThreshold()) {
+    if (currentRollHysteresis <= 0) {
+      // this timestamp is used for the screen timeout
+      lv_disp_get_next(NULL)->last_activity_time = lv_tick_get();
+
+      Roll();
+    }
+  } else if (currentRollHysteresis > 0)
+    --currentRollHysteresis;
+}
+
+void Dice::Roll() {
+  uint8_t resultIndividual;
+  uint16_t resultTotal = 0;
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<> distrib(1, dCounter.GetValue());
+
+  lv_label_set_text(resultIndividualLabel, "");
+
+  if (nCounter.GetValue() == 1) {
+    resultTotal = distrib(gen);
+    if (dCounter.GetValue() == 2) {
+      switch (resultTotal) {
+        case 1:
+          lv_label_set_text(resultIndividualLabel, "HEADS");
+          break;
+        case 2:
+          lv_label_set_text(resultIndividualLabel, "TAILS");
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < nCounter.GetValue(); i++) {
+      resultIndividual = distrib(gen);
+      resultTotal += resultIndividual;
+      lv_label_ins_text(resultIndividualLabel, LV_LABEL_POS_LAST, std::to_string(resultIndividual).c_str());
+      if (i < (nCounter.GetValue() - 1)) {
+        lv_label_ins_text(resultIndividualLabel, LV_LABEL_POS_LAST, "+");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  lv_label_set_text_fmt(resultTotalLabel, "%d", resultTotal);
+  if (openingRoll == false) {
+    motorController.RunForDuration(30);
+    NextColor();
+    currentRollHysteresis = rollHysteresis;
+  }
+}
+
+void Dice::NextColor() {
+  currentColorIndex = (currentColorIndex + 1) % resultColors.size();
+  lv_obj_set_style_local_text_color(resultTotalLabel, LV_LABEL_PART_MAIN, LV_STATE_DEFAULT, resultColors[currentColorIndex]);
+  lv_obj_set_style_local_text_color(resultIndividualLabel, LV_LABEL_PART_MAIN, LV_STATE_DEFAULT, resultColors[currentColorIndex]);
+}
diff --git a/src/displayapp/screens/Dice.h b/src/displayapp/screens/Dice.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..da91657d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/displayapp/screens/Dice.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "displayapp/apps/Apps.h"
+#include "displayapp/screens/Screen.h"
+#include "displayapp/widgets/Counter.h"
+#include "displayapp/Controllers.h"
+#include "Symbols.h"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <random>
+
+namespace Pinetime {
+  namespace Applications {
+    namespace Screens {
+      class Dice : public Screen {
+      public:
+        Dice(Controllers::MotionController& motionController,
+             Controllers::MotorController& motorController,
+             Controllers::Settings& settingsController);
+        ~Dice() override;
+        void Roll();
+        void Refresh() override;
+
+      private:
+        lv_obj_t* btnRoll;
+        lv_obj_t* btnRollLabel;
+        lv_obj_t* resultTotalLabel;
+        lv_obj_t* resultIndividualLabel;
+        lv_task_t* refreshTask;
+        bool enableShakeForDice = false;
+
+        std::mt19937 gen;
+
+        std::array<lv_color_t, 3> resultColors = {LV_COLOR_YELLOW, LV_COLOR_MAGENTA, LV_COLOR_AQUA};
+        uint8_t currentColorIndex;
+        void NextColor();
+
+        Widgets::Counter nCounter = Widgets::Counter(1, 9, jetbrains_mono_42);
+        Widgets::Counter dCounter = Widgets::Counter(2, 99, jetbrains_mono_42);
+
+        bool openingRoll = true;
+        uint8_t currentRollHysteresis = 0;
+        static constexpr uint8_t rollHysteresis = 10;
+
+        Controllers::MotorController& motorController;
+        Controllers::MotionController& motionController;
+        Controllers::Settings& settingsController;
+      };
+    }
+
+    template <>
+    struct AppTraits<Apps::Dice> {
+      static constexpr Apps app = Apps::Dice;
+      static constexpr const char* icon = Screens::Symbols::dice;
+
+      static Screens::Screen* Create(AppControllers& controllers) {
+        return new Screens::Dice(controllers.motionController, controllers.motorController, controllers.settingsController);
+      };
+    };
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/displayapp/screens/Symbols.h b/src/displayapp/screens/Symbols.h
index 549ea04f..4434194b 100644
--- a/src/displayapp/screens/Symbols.h
+++ b/src/displayapp/screens/Symbols.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ namespace Pinetime {
         static constexpr const char* hourGlass = "\xEF\x89\x92";
         static constexpr const char* lapsFlag = "\xEF\x80\xA4";
         static constexpr const char* drum = "\xEF\x95\xA9";
+        static constexpr const char* dice = "\xEF\x94\xA2";
         static constexpr const char* eye = "\xEF\x81\xAE";
         static constexpr const char* home = "\xEF\x80\x95";
         static constexpr const char* sleep = "\xEE\xBD\x84";